The Paris Commune of 1871, one of Europe’s first attempts to seek an alternative to liberalism.

3,103 words

Introduction Part I here, Introduction Part II here

Translated by F. Roger Devlin

Let us sum up. Man is a “social animal” whose existence is consubstantial with that of society. Justice in the first instance is not a matter of rights but of measure; i.e., it is only defined as a relation of equity between persons living in society, so there are no holders of rights outside social life, and within it there are only those to whom rights are attributed.